
An 1873 Victorian illustration of a "Ju-ju house" on the
Bight of Beninshowing fetishised skulls and bones
Juju can also be used as a kind of
Geis to enforce a contract. In a typical scenario, a juju spell will be placed on a Nigerian woman before she is trafficked into Europe for prostitution, to ensure that she will pay back her traffickers and won't escape. The witch doctor casting the spell requires a payment for this service.
[4] Juju is also commonly used in an attempt to affect the outcome of soccer games.
[5]The term
juju, and the practices associated with it, travelled to the Americas from West Africa with the influx of
slaves and still survives in some areas, particularly among the various groups of
Maroons, who have tended to preserve their African traditions.
Contrary to common belief, voodoo (known as
Vodun in West Africa) is not related to juju, despite the linguistic and spiritual similarities. Juju has acquired some karmic attributes in more recent times. Good juju can stem from almost any good deed: saving a kitten, or returning a lost book. Bad juju can be spread just as easily. These ideas revolve around the luck and fortune portions of juju. The use of juju to describe an object usually involves small items worn or carried; these generally contain medicines produced by witch doctors.
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